Category Archives: tuerckheimii

"Bendigo Banana" Canna flowers at last.


After waiting five years for my unidentified Canna, nicknamed the “Bendigo Banana” to flower, I almost missed it. We are in the very early part of the Canna bloom season here in Australia.

After a mild winter, some of the cannas just sat still and waited for rain and warmer weather. Some did not die back with the two or three light frosts we experienced. Temperatures did not fall below 2C.

The “Bendigo Banana” was looking rather ratty in early Spring and I did not expect the stems sitting there so miserably would carry on and complete their lifecycle. After waiting five years for this mystery Canna to flower, I had given up.

You might recall that this is the Canna that does not have rhizomes. Instead, it has a swelling at the base of the stem from which new stems sprout.

Wandering the Canna stockbeds bemoaning the prolific growth of weeds, I saw a miserably skinny flower spike waving in the breeze. The blooms were almost finished. I scrambled for my camera and here is the result:

The bloom strongly resembles Canna tuerckheimii, but is scarlet red whereas photos I have of C. tuerckheimii taken in the wild, show a more orange tone to the flowers. Here’s a closeup of one flower. My fat thumb will give some idea of scale.

The final pic shows the “Bendigo Banana” in late Autumn, looking tattered and torn and very Musa-like. Hence the nickname.

The question of this canna’s identity still remains. There is no mention in any literature about C. tuerckheimii having an absence of rhizomes. Then also, the flower colour is red and not orange. Is this a geographical subspecie of C. tuerckheimii?

Canna tuerckheimii Kraenzl.


A giant species; green foliage, oblong shaped, branching habit; spikes of flowers are erect, self-coloured crimson, staminodes are long and narrow, edges regular, petals purple, fully self-cleaning; fertile both ways, not self-pollinating or true to type, capsules ellipsoid; rhizomes are thick, up to 7 cm in diameter, coloured white and purple; tillering is prolific.

Introduced by Kraenzl. Native of Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia and Ecuador at altitudes of 500-2,000m (1,600 – 6,500ft). Johnson’s Dictionary of 1856 reports that it first entered England in 1820 as Canna latifolia, meaning ‘broad-leaved’.

Professor Paul Maas and his wife Dr. Hiltje Maas, consider C. tuerckheimii is the correct name, but Dr. Nobuyuki Tanaka considers that the correct name is C. latifolia.

Synonyms: C. altensteinii Bouché, C. ‘Broadleaf’, C. ‘Broad-leaved canna’, C. coccinea var. sylvestris (Roscoe) Regel, C. curviflora Horan., C. gemella Nees & Mart., C. gigantea F. Delaroche, C. iridiflora Willd., C. latifolia Mill., C. macrophylla Hort. ex Horan., C. ‘Marabout’, C. neglecta Weinm., C. sylvestris Roscoe, C. violacea Bouché

Canna tuerckheimii to be conserved


A proposal has been made to conserve the name Canna tuerckheimii against C. latifolia, C. gigantea, C. neglecta, and C. violacea and the name C. jaegeriana against C. leucocarpa (Cannaceae). The proposal has been made by Dr. Hilte Maas van der Kamer, of the National Herbarium, Netherlands in the journal TAXON.
Most of the proposal is devoted to the C. tuerckheimii proposition and what look like totally convincing arguments are made for the proposition that C. latifolia, C. gigantea, C. neglecta, and C. violacea should be synonyms of C. tuerckheimii.
However, Dr Tanaka, in his revision of the species, put forward his view that C. tuerckheimii was a synonym of C. latifolia.
Interestingly, one of the arguments put forwards refers to the number of Google hits under the various names. The times, they are a changin’, even for taxonomists.
The proposition for C. jaegeriana looks less controversial, and as Dr Tanaka also recognises C. jaegeriana it would appear that proposition may pass without question. However, this is not a two-man show and there are others involved other than our two learned species authorities.

As we have happily grown and spelt C. latifolia for many years we are concerned about a change in name to one we cannot spell! More seriously, it is good to see how the naming process works, as the canna genus still has many ‘old species’ to classify and align.