Salix × fragilis L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 1017 (1753)
This hybrid is accepted
The native range of this hybrid is Türkiye. It is a tree and grows primarily in the temperate biome. The hybrid formula is S. alba × S. euxina.

Distribution

Native to:

Turkey

Introduced into:

Afghanistan, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Algeria, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, British Columbia, Bulgaria, California, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Central European Rus, Colorado, Connecticut, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, District of Columbia, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Egypt, Finland, France, Free State, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Idaho, Illinois, India, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krym, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, Maine, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mongolia, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Pennsylvania, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Sicilia, South Australia, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tasmania, Tennessee, Transcaucasus, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vermont, Victoria, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Western Australia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Yugoslavia

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Accepted Infraspecifics

Classification

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PAFTOL

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • (1982). Flora of Australia 8: 1-420. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Abdulina, S.A. (1999). Spisok Sosudistykn Rastenii Kazakhstana: 1-187. Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
  • Ackerfield, J. (2015). Flora of Colorado: 1-818. BRIT Press.
  • Allred, K.W. (2012). Flora Neomexicana, ed. 2, 1: 1-599. Range Science Herbarium, Las Cruces, New Mexico.
  • Belyaeva (2009). Nomenclature of Salix fragilis L. and a new species, S.euxina (Salicaceae). Taxon 58: 1344-1348.
  • Chadde, S.W. (2019). Wisconsin Flora ed. 2: 1-818. Steve W. Chadde.
  • Dimopoulos, P., Raus, T., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A., & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013). Vascular plants of Greece. An annotated checklist: 1-372. Botanic gardens and botanical museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin and Hellenic botanical society, Athens.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2013). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 5: 1-451. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Fang, Z.F., Zhao, S.D. & Skvortsov, A..K. (1999). Salicaceae. Flora of China 4: 139-279. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
  • Larson, J., Reif, B., Nelson, B.E. & Hartman, R.L. (2014). Floristic studies in North Central New Mexico, U.S.A. the Sange de Cristo mountains. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 8: 271-303.
  • Marchenko, A.M. & Kuzovkina, Y.A. (2022). Notes on the nomenclature and taxonomy of Salix fragilis (Salicaceae). Taxon 71: 721-732.
  • Meades, S.J. & Brouillet, L. (2019). Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Newfoundland and Labrador https://newfoundland-labradorflora.ca/checklist/.
  • Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M (2020). Vascular plants of Poland an annotated checklist: 1-526. W. Szafer institute of botany, Polish academy of sciences, Krakow, Poland.
  • Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
  • Saksonov, S.V. & al. (2014). Addition to the "synopsis of the flora of Eastern Europe vol. 1" (2012) in the middle Volga region and adjacent regions. Botanicheskii Zhurnal. Moscow & Leningrad 99: 1067-1072.
  • Skvortsov, A.K. (1999). Willows of Russia and Adjacent Countries: 1-307. University of Joensuu.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Stace, C.A., Preston, C.D. & Pearman, D.A. (2015). Hybrid flora of the British isles: 1-501. Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) in Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2012). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 3(2): 1-623. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1993). Flora Europaea 1: 53-66. Cambridge University Press.
  • Zhao, Y.Z., Zhao, L.Q. & Rui, C. (eds.) (2019). Flora Intramongolica, edition 3, 1: 1-779. Typis Intramongolicae popularis, Huhhot.
  • Zuloaga, F.O. & Belgrano, M.J. (eds.) (2017). Flora Argentina. Flora vascular de la República Argentina 17: 1-434. INTA, IMBIV & IBODA.
  • Zwaenepoel, A. (2019). Gewijzigde namen en een aangepaste determinatiesleutel voor het complex van Salix alba en S. fragilis in België en Nederland. Dumortiera 113: 3-20.
  • de Salas, MF, Baker, ML (2022). A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania, including Macquarie Island: 1-161. Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart. https://flora.tmag.tas.gov.au/resources/census/.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Abdulina, S.A. (1999). Spisok Sosudistykn Rastenii Kazakhstana: 1-187. Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
  • Belyaeva (2009). Nomenclature of Salix fragilis L. and a new species, S.euxina (Salicaceae). Taxon 58: 1344-1348.
  • Dimopoulos, P., Raus, T., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A., & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013). Vascular plants of Greece. An annotated checklist: 1-372. Botanic gardens and botanical museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin and Hellenic botanical society, Athens.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2013). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 5: 1-451. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Fang, Z.F., Zhao, S.D. & Skvortsov, A..K. (1999). Salicaceae. Flora of China 4: 139-279. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2010). Flora of North America North of Mexico 7: 1-797. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) in Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2012). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 3(2): 1-623. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Zuloaga, F.O. & Belgrano, M.J. (eds.) (2017). Flora Argentina. Flora vascular de la República Argentina 17: 1-434. INTA, IMBIV & IBODA.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Mar 22, 2017 s.coll. [s.n.] Germany K000335348 Neotype Yes
Mar 22, 2017 Melville, R. [s.n.] K000335347 Type Yes
Seringe, N.C. [115] K000906918 Unknown Type Material Yes
Lejeune, M. [s.n.] Belgium K000906919 Unknown Type Material Yes

Sources

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images