[NO] Gruvene på Nygård #3 - Haukelandsvannet
Cachen er plassert i samme 186 m lange gruve som "Gruvene på Nygård #2", men den er mindre og plassert mye lenger inne i gruven. Når du ikke lenger ser rester av ventilasjonsrøret kan du begynne søket. Du trenger ikke å grave for å finne cachen. Vennligst pass på at cachen og "dekselet" er godt på plass før du forlater gruven. Dette er den tredje gruvecachen på Nygård. De andre er GC21ZX6 og GC222F6
GRUVEDRIFT
Gruvedrift eller bergverksdrift er en metode for uttak av verdifulle mineraler fra jorda. Den enkleste formen for gruvedrift er dagbrudd, hvor hele gruveområdet er synlig, eller underjordsdrift, hvor man tar ut mineraler via tunneler under bakken.
I gruvene på Nygård er det i hovedsak svovelkis og kobberkis som er hentet ut.
SVOVELKIS
Svovelkis eller pyritt er et mineral som har kjemisk formel FeS2, og består altså av jern og svovel. Det tilhører mineralgruppen sulfider.
Svovelkis blir dannet hydrotermalt, ved at væske renner gjennom vertsbergarten og løser opp enkelte element som igjen blir avsatt når væsken når et metningspunkt. Elementene som blir avsatt kan være Fe og S, som sammen kan danne mineralet svovelkis. Svovelkis er konsentrert i avgrensede soner, årer, der væske er blitt transportert gjennom vertsbergarten.
Svovelkis danner messing-gule kubiske krystaller. Fargen er nesten gull-skimrende, derav kallenavnet "narregull". I motsetning til ekte gull, er svovelkis veldig hardt. På grunn av jerninnholdet ruster det veldig lett, og de fleste flekker med rust i norsk fjell, kommer fra svovelkis.
Svovelkis er et vanlig mineral i Norge. Interessante mineraler som opptrer sammen med svovelkis er kobberkis, sinkblende og blyglans.
KOBBERKIS
Kobberkis ligner på svovelkis, men har en litt sterkere gulfarge, fordi det også innholder kobber. Kobberinnholdet gjør kobberkis mykere enn svovelkis. Kobberkis har formelen: CuFeS2, d.v.s. mineralet inneholder kobber, jern og svovel.
(Kilde: Wikipedia)
Ved publisering inneholder cachen:
- Loggbok og blyant
- FTF-pin
- Diverse bytteting
[EN] The mines at Nygård #3 - Haukelandsvannet
The cache is located in the same 186 m deep mine as "Gruvene på Nygård #2", but it is smaller and located much deeper in the mine. When you no longer see the old air vent you can start your search. Please make sure the cache and it's cover is in the correct position before you leave! This is the third mining cache at Nygård. The others are GC21ZX6 and GC222F6
MINING
Mining techniques can be divided into two common excavation types: surface mining and sub-surface (underground) mining.
Surface mining is done by removing (stripping) surface vegetation, dirt, and if necessary, layers of bedrock in order to reach buried ore deposits.
Sub-surface mining consists of digging tunnels or shafts into the earth to reach buried ore deposits.
The mines at Nygård mainly produced pyrite and chalcopyrite.
PYRITE
The mineral pyrite, or iron pyrite, is an iron sulfide with the formula FeS2. This mineral's metallic luster and pale-to-normal, brass-yellow hue have earned it the nickname fool's gold due to its resemblance to gold. The color has also led to the nicknames brass, brazzle and brazil, primarily used to refer to pyrite found in coal.
Pyrite is the most common of the sulfide minerals. Pyrite is usually found associated with other sulfides or oxides in quartz veins, sedimentary rock, and metamorphic rock, as well as in coal beds, and as a replacement mineral in fossils. Despite being nicknamed fool's gold, small quantities of gold are sometimes found associated with pyrite. Gold and arsenic occur as a coupled substitution in the pyrite structure.
Pyrite exposed to the atmosphere during mining and excavation reacts with oxygen and water to form sulfate, resulting in acid mine drainage. This acidity results from the action of Acidithiobacillus bacteria, which generate their energy by oxidizing ferrous iron (Fe2+) to ferric iron (Fe3+) using oxygen. The ferric iron in turn attacks the pyrite to produce ferrous iron and sulfate. The ferrous iron is then available for oxidation by the bacterium; this cycle continues until the pyrite is depleted.
CHALCOPYRITE
Chalcopyrite (pronounced / KAL-co-PYE-ryet) is a copper iron sulfide mineral that crystallizes in the tetragonal system. It has the chemical composition CuFeS2.
It has a brassy to golden yellow color and a hardness of 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs scale. Its streak is diagnostic as green tinged black.
On exposure to air, chalcopyrite oxidises to a variety of oxides, hydroxides and sulfates. Chalcopyrite is rarely found in association with native copper.
Chalcopyrite is often confused with pyrite, although the latter has a cubic and not a tetragonal crystal system. Further, chalcopyrite is often massive, rarely crystalline, and less brittle. Chalcopyrite is also a darker yellow in color, with a greenish tinge and diagnostic greasy luster.
Due to its color and high copper content, chalcopyrite has often been referred to as "yellow copper".
(Source: Wikipedia)
When published the cache contains:
- Log book and pen
- FTF-pin
- Small trading items.
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