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What is a Commodore 64?

In 1982, Commodore International Ltd. introduced the Commodore 64. The C64 sold over 20 million units from 1982 to its dying twitch in 1993.

There were many reasons why people preferred the Commodore 64 instead of any other personal computer. First of all it was cheap, and it was also the first personal computer with a built in 3 channel sound device (the famous SID chip) and beautiful 16 color graphics. During the years thousands and thousands of games and applications have been developed for the C64.

THE MODELS

Commodore 64
Photo: Evan-Amos

Commodore 64

This is the first model of the C64 with the popular "breadbin"-design. It was first released in the USA in 1982. In the development-process it went under the name 'VIC-30' to show that it would be the VC-20's successor.

Commodore SX-64
Photo: Hedning

Commodore SX-64 - Executive Computer

Released in 1983, Commodore SX-64 was one of the first "portable" colour computers. It's not really portable though since it's very heavy and not very comfortable to carry around.

It has a built in disk drive and an internal 5" colour monitor with sharp display. Speakers are built in as well. It has a cartridge slot on top, but no datasette interface, so playing games from tape is impossible. The SX64 wasn't very successful, and is now to be considered a collectors item.

Commodore 64C
Photo: Kausalkette

Commodore 64C

This is the newer model of the C64, which was released in May 1986. It has a slick and trendy cream colored case. Except for the modern design, it was pretty much the same on the inside.

Commodore 64 Gold

Commodore 64 GOLD

When one million Commodore 64-computers were sold in Germany in 1986, Commodore released a limited 'Goldene Edition'. C64 GOLD was presented to the public in the BMW museum in Germany, and about 350 units were reported to exist.

Commodore 64G
Photo: awsm

Commodore 64G

C64G was the last Commodore 64-computer ever sold. The first version from 1987 was distributed by the 'Albrecht Discount'-chain and called 'Aldi-C64G'. Unlike the 'Aldi-C64', which came in a grey case, this cream-coloured C64G was released in 1989. It came in the 'Video Supergame 64' bundle, which included the cartridge 'Super Games'.

Commodore 64GS
Photo: Evan-Amos

Commodore 64GS

Released in 1990, this was Commodores first games console. It was pretty much a flop as the Amiga was already on the market. And besides the Amiga, who would buy a C64 without keyboard when you could have the real thing for only slightly more?

Basically it's a C64 with a modified ROM, a cartridge slot at the top and no keyboard. C64GS came with a cartridge containing Fiendish Freddy Big top of fun, Klax, International Soccer and Flimbo's Quest.

Technical Specification

Internal

  • MOS 6510 processor @ 1.02 MHz
  • 20 Kb ROM
  • 64 Kb RAM
  • 38 Kb available in BASIC
  • Commodore BASIC version 2.0

Keyboard

  • Non-standard ASCII
  • 62 normal style keys
  • 4 function keys
  • Two cursor control keys: one for up and down, another for left and right
  • Commodore special key
  • A few other special keys (RUN/STOP, CLEAR/HOME, RESTORE, etc)
  • No TAB key

Graphics

  • VIC II (Video Interface Chip)
  • 40 columns x 25 rows
  • 16 colors
  • 256 charters, 62 graphic charters
  • Sprites

Sound

  • SID 6581 (Sound Interface Device)
  • 3 channel 8 bit sound
  • 9 octaves
  • 4 waveforms
  • Programmable ADSR
  • Programmable filter

I/O Ports

  • RGB
  • Video Composite
  • Two ports for Joystick, Mouse or Lightpen
  • Cartridge slot
  • Tape Port
  • Serial Port
  • User Port (RS232 compatible)
  • TV